Explanation of nun tanwin, and mudud from Jazariyyah Poem

Rules regarding the nūn sākinah, the tanwīn, and the mudūd. But, other rules beside al jazariyyah these are also explained, the lām al-ta‘rīf, the mīm sākinah, the nūn, and mīm when they are mushaddad, etc. The reason why the author only mentions nūn, tanwīn, and mudūd is because the rules in the book predominantly concern them.

Children It is the plural that indicates a child who has not yet matured (bāligh). Here, it refers to the beginner who intends to learn tajwīd.

In many copies, it is written as, with a fathah, tuhfat al atfal on the mīm. However, the more accurate pronunciation is with a kasrah on the mīm since he came from the village named Mīha and not Maiha. Allah knows best.22

The word is the plural, which means someone who is engaged, absorbed or lost in something this is also related to by the author in the third line as murīd. It includes the beginner                and the expert.  The beginner is he who has originally embarked on the study of the science of tajwīd and is incapable of studying texts on his own. The intermediate is the student who has learned enough to guide himself in further studies. The expert is he who can understand the book and its meanings.

Most think that the words are synonymous. A few scholars distinguish between the words saying that ajr jazaria is a reward that is received after doing a particular action, whereas thawāb is a reward given by Allah through his mercy and grace with no work required.

In additional alif at the end of the words. In Arabic, it is called alif al-itlāq, a common alif. It has no bearing on the word itself but is merely used to keep the rhyme scheme of the poetry. It is used repeatedly in this book.

So, the first (of the four rules) is ith-hār, before the letters of the throat, which are six, ordered in order (of their makhārij from the lower throat upwards).  The hamzah and the hā`, then the ‘ain and the hā` which require dots and then the ghain and the khā.` The six letters of the throat are mentioned. Thus if an nūn sākinah or tanwīn arrives before any of these letters, ith-hār will take place.

And the second (rule) is idghām in six (letters), appearing in (the combination) 7, which are fixed by them (the qurrā` - as the letters of idghām).

In most texts, the six letters of idgām are said to be found in the combination 7 (with a fathah on the mīm). However, some claim that it should be (with a dammah on the mīm) since it stems from the Arabic (with a dammah on the mīm), which means to get haste.